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1. \u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fde\u63a5\u589e\u52a0\u793e\u4ea4\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3002\u5f3a\u5173\u7cfb\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6301\u7eed\u3001\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e92\u52a8\u6765\u7ef4\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f31\u5173\u7cfb\u4e92\u52a8\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8017\u8d39\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6295\u5165\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \n\u65f6\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u8868\u6f14\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u67e5\u4e2d\u3002\u5904\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f3a\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e3e\u4e00\u52a8\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ecf\u8425\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u8bbe\u201d\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e3a\u83b7\u53d6\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u672c\u800c\u201c\u6295\u8d44\u201d\u3002\u591a\u6837\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u77e5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u53c2\u7167\u7269\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u672a\u5fc5\u4f1a\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u65b9\u9762\u4fc3\u8fdb\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u201c\u6211\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u6211\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4ed6\u4eba\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u6211\u201d\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u7ed9\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u6784\u5efa\u5e26\u6765\u969c\u788d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e00\u65f6\u4e0d\u614e\u9020\u6210\u201c\u4eba\u8bbe\u201d\u5d29\u584c\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u793e\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u538b\u8feb\u4e0e\u7126\u8651\u3002\u793e\u4ea4\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8981\u8868\u6f14\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eba\u770b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u65f6\u65f6\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4e2a\u4f53\u4ee5\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u65f6\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4\uff0e\u5e76\u53d1\u5f0f\u8fde\u63a5\u8ba9\u4eba\u987e\u6b64\u5931\u5f7c\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u591a\u79cd\u8fde\u63a5\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u9519\u4e71\u3001\u987e\u6b64\u5931\u5f7c\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u65f6\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u793e\u4ea4\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u51fa\u73b0\u91cd\u5927\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5\uff0e\u79c1\u4eba\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u53d7\u6324\u538b\u3002\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4ea4\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6210\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u79c1\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6\uff0e\u60c5\u7eea\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u793e\u4ea4\u8fde\u63a5\u4e5f\u628a\u4eba\u4eec\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u5e26\u5165\u7fa4\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u5904\u4e8e\u7fa4\u4f53\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u7fa4\u4f53\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0e\u7fa4\u4f53\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u7fa4\u4f53\u76f2\u601d\u3001\u4ece\u4f17\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u95f4\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u89c2\u70b9\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f20\u67d3\u4e5f\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u201c\u5708\u5c42\u5316\u201d\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u53ca\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u533a\u9694<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u591a\u5143\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5404\u79cd\u7d27\u5bc6\u4e92\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u5708\u5c42\u5316\u6548\u679c\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5708\u5c42\u5316\uff0c\u662f\u8fd1\u6765\u5f00\u59cb\u53d7\u5230\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b66\u754c\u4e0e\u4e1a\u754c\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u5708\u5c42\u5316\u201d\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u5708\u5b50\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5708\u5b50\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u6784\u6210\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5708\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6027 (centrality) \n\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5708\u5b50\u5185\u5173\u7cfb\u65e2\u5f88\u4eb2\u5bc6\u53c8\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u60c5\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5708\u5b50\u5185\u5173\u7cfb\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u6301\u7eed\u5f88\u4e45\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u5bc6\u5ea6(density\n of network)\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5708\u5b50\u5f80\u5f80\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u81ea\u6211\u89c4\u8303\u2014\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u88ab\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u201c\u6f5c\u89c4\u5219\u201d\uff08\u674e\u667a\u8d85\uff0c\u7f57\u5bb6\u5fb7\uff0c2012\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5c42\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u9636\u5c42\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u52a8\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u4e0e\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\u7126\u8651\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4e0e\u5176\u6240\u5904\u793e\u4f1a\u9636\u5c42\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u8bdd\u8bed\u9636\u5c42\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5728\u539f\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u9636\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5e26\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bdd\u8bed\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u6700\u5178\u578b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5708\u5c42\u5316\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5404\u79cd\u7fa4\u4f53\u95f4\u7684\u9694\u9602\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u5728\u540c\u8d28\u5316\u5708\u5c42\u4e2d\u6d41\u52a8\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u201c\u51fa\u5708\u201d\uff0c\u5708\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u751a\u81f3\u5bf9\u7acb\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6574\u5408\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u7ebf\u4e0b\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6324\u5360<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eca\u5929\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u65f6\u95f4\u7cbe\u529b\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u7ebf\u4e0b\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u6324\u5360\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u7ebf\u4e0b\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4ea4\u6d41\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6295\u5165\/\u4ea7\u51fa\u6bd4\u4e5f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u66f4\u6c89\u8ff7\u4e8e\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4ea4\u6d41\u800c\u51b7\u843d\u7ebf\u4e0b\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u56db\uff09\u4eba\u4e0e\u5185\u5bb9\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u91cd\u538b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eba\u4e0e\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8fde\u63a5\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u540e\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u4ef7\u503c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u201d\u53d8\u5c0f\uff0c\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u6df9\u6ca1\u5728\u8fc7\u91cf\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6210\u672c\u53cd\u800c\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u63a8\u8350\u673a\u5236\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u521d\u8877\u662f\u51cf\u8f7b\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0a\u7f29\u51cf\u4e86\u9635\u7ebf\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u91cf\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fc7\u8f7d\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u540c\u8d28\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u4f9b\u7ed9\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u5bf9\u201c\u5916\u5b58\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4eba\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u4eca\u5929\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u4f9d\u9760\u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u6216\u201c\u94fe\u63a5\u201d\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u201c\u5916\u5b58\u201d\u2014\u2014\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u8111\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u5185\u5b58\u201d\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u4e09\u3001\u53cd\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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